The Process of Producing Coffee in the Gayo Mountains

[Gayo](https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Gayo) is one of the tribe names inhabiting the [highlands of Gayo mountains](https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataran_tinggi_Gayo), Aceh. Gayo tribes are widespread in the districts of Central Aceh, Bener Meriah, and Gayo Lues. Gayo people generally work as coffee farmers. [Gayo Coffee](https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi_gayo) is one of the superior products of the Gayo Highlands region. Gayo coffee is the production of community plantations in the area of Gayo Land and Gayo Lues. According to one of the Petua in the village I am currently occupied, coffee plantations in Gayo area have grown since know. 1900s. In 1904 the Dutch entered the Gayo Highlands.  They introduce various types of plants to the community, including one of which is coffee. At that time, coffee that was introduced was Robusta and Arabica coffee. Both types of coffee is still in cultivation until now. Originally at that time the Gayo coffee plantations belonged to the Dutch Colonel under the rule of his colonization. However, the plantation is now owned by Gayo community. In addition to being a source of economic livelihood, [Gayo Coffee](https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi_gayo) plantations also become an identity for the Gayo community. At the time of planting, care, and after harvest is still strong with elements of cooperation and mutual help among them.  ### The following is a table of differences between Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee : Description | Arabica | Robusta -|-| -| ***Year Found*** | 1753 | 1895 ***Chromosome*** | 44 | 22 ***Time Fruits*** | 10 months | 11 months ***Production*** | 3000 kg / ha | 4000 kg / ha ***Temperature*** | 15-24 ° C | 24-30 ° C ***Shape Seeds*** | Flat | Oval ### Then, what is done to be able to produce delicious coffee? ***The following is a special review that I wrote based on my analysis when visiting Gayo. I have lived in this place for more than 1 month. I got some information about coffee production.***  # Coffee nurseries There are two types of coffee plants that are planted by farmers in the Gayo Mountains area, Arabica coffee and Robusta. Seeds of coffee plants are cultivated directly by Gayo people who took the original from the plant origin. Coffee seedlings are planted in polybag media hydroponically. The soil used in polybags is a soil mixed with compost. In order for coffee seedlings to grow fertile, it needs to be watered every afternoon. Usually coffee seeds will dipindakah to the garden at the age of 3-4 weeks.  # Treatment One of the coffee plant pests is caterpillars. Pest extermination is done by spraying pest drugs. Pest spraying is done for at least 15 times. Good coffee has a height of about 2-3 meters. To keep it high, it is necessary to cut the shoots. In the coffee plantation we often see a banana plant. Coffee farmers deliberately plant these bananas to grow coffee. Pete pollen falling coffee cultivation is a marriage process to produce coffee fruit.  # Harvesting Coffee plants will produce fruit no later than 1.5 years since planting. If the fruit of coffee has begun to grow, picking can be done for 15 days. The coffee picked is a coffee that is red. Picking coffee is not an easy thing, it needs accuracy in choosing and sorting coffee fruit that is feasible to pick. When picking coffee, usually farmers will stand in ranks according to banjar coffee plant. Every time harvesting, farmers can produce about 5-10 sacks of coffee. The selling price of one sack of raw coffee beans is around 200-300 thousand Rupiah.  # Coffee Beaning After picking, coffee beans will be brought to the place of exfoliation of fruit peel. After going through that stage, the coffee beans will be dried manually using the help of sunlight. When the weather is sunny the process of drying the beans will take 2-3 weeks. The clothes are done until the coffee beans are dark black. Dejemur coffee beans start morning until late afternoon using tarpaulin.  The height of the land and the supporting ground and with the shade of coffee (pete) with the organic farming methods of gayo society is very guarding local wisdom. Gayo coffee flavors are very tempting to make everyone love this type of coffee. Once you try Aceh coffee, it is guaranteed that you will fall in love. Now, tomorrow, or the next day there will be a feeling to enjoy the enjoyment of Aceh's aroma of coffee.